Power generation source and distribution system

ABSTRACT

A renewable-energy electrical generation and distribution system including a first container and a second container. Each of the first container and the second container includes a power source disposed within the container and deployable therefrom, and generating energy from a renewable resource. A first compartment is disposed within the container, and retains a battery in communication with the power source. A power distribution system is disposed within the container and in communication with the battery and with the power source. A communications system is disposed within the container and configured to communicate data via an ad-hoc mobile communications network formed by the first container and the second container and configured to operate independent of any communication network not part of the first container and the second container forming the ad-hoc mobile communications network.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/596,185, filed Oct. 8, 2019, entitled “POWER GENERATION SOURCE AND DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM”, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/743,856, filed Oct. 10, 2018, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference.

FIELD

This disclosure relates to power generation source and distribution system, and in particular, a container configured to generate renewable energy, distribute the generated energy to one or more energy access points, and maintain its equilibrium and functionality in a plurality of weather conditions.

BACKGROUND

During or in the aftermath of adverse weather events, such as hurricanes, earthquakes, tornadoes, and floods, conventional power generation systems, and the infrastructure to deliver the generated power to homes and business, are typically rendered inoperable for days, weeks, or even months. For example, during Hurricane Maria, most of Puerto Rico's electrical grid was damaged, and as a result most of the island was out power for months. While primary recovery efforts in Puerto Rico were focused on delivering fuel to power portable generators, many of the ports were inaccessible and the roads were impassable, thus rendering portable diesel generators useless.

SUMMARY

Some embodiments advantageously provide for a renewable-energy electrical generation and distribution system including a container and at least one power source sized to be retained within the container and deployable therefrom. The at least one power source being configured to generate energy from renewable resources. A battery is disposed within the container and in communication with the at least one power source. A power distribution system is disposed within the container and in communication with the battery and the at least one power source. The power distribution system includes at least one switch and at least one interface connected to the at least one switch and disposed external to the container. The at least one switch is configured selectively turn on and off power distribution to the at least one interface based on at least one predetermined parameter. A power source controller is disposed within the container and configured to monitor and control energy absorption from the at least one power source, energy storage in the battery, and energy delivery to the power distribution system. An environmental control unit is disposed within the container and in communication with the ambient environment external to the container, the environmental control unit is configured to monitor and control a predetermined environmental condition within the container.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

A more complete understanding of embodiments described herein, and the attendant advantages and features thereof, will be more readily understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings wherein:

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing various components of a power generation source and distribution system associated with a container and constructed in accordance with the principles of the present application;

FIG. 2 is the block diagram shown in FIG. 1 including a plurality of power interfaces remote from the container;

FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view of the container shown in FIG. 1 showing the various components of the power generation source and distribution system in a stacked and deployed configuration;

FIG. 4 is a top view of inside of the container shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a side-view of the batteries shown in FIG. 1 stacked within the container;

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing multiple power generation source and distribution systems in communication with each other;

FIG. 7A is a side view of the container shown in FIG. 3 with solar panels fully deployed;

FIG. 7B is a side view of the container shown in FIG. 7A with solar panels partially deployed;

FIG. 8A is a side view of the container shown in FIG. 3 with another configuration of solar panels fully deployed; and

FIG. 8B is a side view of the container shown in FIG. 8A with solar panels partially deployed.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Before describing in detail exemplary embodiments, it is noted that the embodiments reside primarily in combinations of apparatus components related to generating and distributing off-grid power in a portable container. Accordingly, the system and method components have been represented where appropriate by conventional symbols in the drawings, showing only those specific details that are pertinent to understanding the embodiments of the present disclosure so as not to obscure the disclosure with details that will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the description herein.

As used herein, relational terms, such as “first” and “second,” “top” and “bottom,” and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or element from another entity or element without necessarily requiring or implying any physical or logical relationship or order between such entities or elements. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the concepts described herein. As used herein, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “includes” and/or “including” when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. It will be further understood that terms used herein should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of this specification and the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

In embodiments described herein, the joining term, “in communication with” and the like, may be used to indicate electrical or data communication, which may be accomplished by physical contact, induction, electromagnetic radiation, radio signaling, infrared signaling or optical signaling, for example. One having ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that multiple components may interoperate and modifications and variations are possible of achieving the electrical and data communication.

Referring now to the drawing in which like reference designators refer to like elements, there is shown in FIG. 1 an exemplary power generator source and distribution system constructed in accordance with the principles of the present application and designated generally as “10.” The system 10 may be disposed within a container 12, for example, a shipping container, sized and configured to house and enclose all the components of the system and to facilitate the shipping and deployment of the various components discussed herein preceding, during, and in the aftermath of a severe weather event. In one configuration, the container 12 may be a hollowed-out shipping container having corrugated metal walls, but may also be a made-to-order container. Mounted, stacked, or otherwise retained within the container 12 are one or more renewable and off-grid power sources 14, for example, a solar panel array, wind generator, or the like. The power sources 14 may be deployable from within the container 12 to a position external to the container 12 and are in communication with a power source controller 16 having a processor having processing circuitry configured to control operation of the power sources 14 and to convert and distribute power generated from the power sources 14 to a power distribution center 18. For example, power generated from the power sources may be converted from whatever the power sources 14 produce to conventional 120/240/480 50/60 HZ VAC and 5 VDC (e.g., USB compatible). The distribution center 18 may include a plurality of smart power interfaces 20 for one or more users to access the generated power external to the container 12. In an exemplary configuration, each smart power interface 20 may include one or more power outlets (not shown), a power distribution indicator (not shown), a timer (not shown), and/or a payment terminal (not shown) that face outward from the container 12 such that they are accessible by users. In one configuration, each smart power interface 20 is selectable, for example, by the user, via the Internet, a remote station, and/or internal systems of the container 12 such that each smart power interface 20 may be turned on or off on demand and/or its power usage monitored.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 1, the system 10 may further include a battery 22 and an internal power generator 24 to function as an alternative power source should the power sources 14 be unavailable, unusable, or inoperable. For example, the battery 22 may be charged by the power sources 14 and/or the generator 24 for use when the power sources 14 are unavailable, for example, at night when the power source 14 is a solar panel array, and may be used to provide power to the power distribution center 18 by the power source controller 16. A communication system 26 may also be sized to be retained within the container 12 and configured to communicate with users and other containers 12, as discussed in more detail below. For example, the communication system 26 may include a processor having processing circuitry and a radio in communication with the processor configured to transmit and receive instructions to and from users and/or a cloud-based server. The communication system 26 may receive power from the power source controller 16, and thus may be active whether power sources 14 are available or not. In an exemplary configuration, a user may request to access power from the container 12 by either directly accessing a control panel (not shown) or a mobile application which communications with the could-based server or directly with the communication system 26 to provide access to a smart power interface 20. Such access may be given away for free or through a payment, which may provide a predetermined amount of power to each smart power interface 20. For example, during an adverse weather event, authorized users may request access to the system 10 and be assigned a particular smart power interface 20 from which they may draw power. Such access may be limited in time and power, depending on the available power of the system 10, the number of users drawing power from the system 10, the time of the day, or other factors that the power source controller 16 may be pre-programmed to process.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 1, the system 10 may include an environmental control unit 28 configured to, among other things, control the environment within the container 12. For example, the container 12 may be deployed in off-grid areas that may experience extreme heat, cold, humidity, and dryness. Any of those conditions could be problematic for the electric components of system 10 and/or the power sources 14. Accordingly, the environmental control unit 28 may include an air conditioning system, humidity control unit, and/or a heating element, and the like, with associated vents, louvers, heat sinks, and the like to maintain a predetermine environmental condition within the interior of the container 12. In the configuration shown in FIG. 1, the environmental control unit 28 is mounted to a wall of the container 12 and receives power from the power source controller 16 and also communicates with the power distribution center 18. In one configuration, the power source control 16 monitors the temperature within the container 12 and/or the temperature of the electronics components, and may prioritize power to the distribution center 18 if the environmental control unit 28 does not need to be operational, for example, in an ambient environment that is within a range of predetermined operational parameters from the components of the system 10. In other configurations, the power source controller 16 may prioritize power to the environmental control unit 28 when ambient conditions, whether heat, cold, or humidity are outside the range of acceptable parameters within he container 12.

Referring now to FIG. 2, in another configuration, the distribution center 18 may include at least one smart switch 30 configured to distribute power to at least one sub-distribution center 32 disposed at a location remote from the container 12. The smart switch 30 is configured to be in communication with each of the smart power interfaces 20 associated with respective sub-distribution center 32 and operate as breakers to turn on/off power based one on or more predetermined parameters. In one configuration, each sub-distribution center 32 includes a dongle having multiple smart power interfaces 20 and is connected to its respective smart switch 30 by a cable 31, which may be buried underground to prevent power theft. For example, the cable 31 may electrically connect the container 12 to a sub-distribution center 32 above ground, for example, in someone's home. The smart switch 30 is configured to detect a power drain should power be siphoned or otherwise drained from the cable 31, or by some other method, and not from the authorized smart power interfaces 20 from the sub-distribution center 32, and turn off power to the smart power interface. The smart switch 30 is also configured to turn on and off power to one or more smart power interfaces 20 based on the available power in the battery 22, the time of the day, the energy load on the system 10, or other predetermined parameters

Referring now to FIGS. 3-5, the system 10 may further be configured such that the various loads of each component are balanced to prevent the container 12 from tipping when the power sources 14 are deployed. Accordingly, the system 10 is designed with a ballasting system, such that the system 10 may be deployed in adverse weather conditions. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, when the components of the system 10 are arranged and disposed within the container 12 to balance the load created by, for example, deployed solar panels 34. Before being deployed, un-deployed solar panels 36 are stacked along one or more of the plurality of internal side walls 35. In the configuration shown in FIG. 3, the solar panels extend lengthwise along the container 12 with other electrical components, such as, but not limited to, the communication system 26 and the environmental control unit 28 being mounted on one or more of the internal side walls 35. To balance the loads created when the panels 34 are deployed, the container 12 is configured with a false floor 38, spaced apart from the container floor 40, to house the battery 22, which may include several batteries and battery cells, and fuel 42 for the generator 24. In particular, batteries are advantageous to use as ballast against tipping because of the density and total weight of the battery system. Oftentimes, batteries contain lead or other high-density metals and a battery system may weight several thousand pounds. For example, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the batteries 22 may be mounted within the container 12 and deployed within and around a first compartment 44 defined by the plurality of side walls 35, the container floor 40, and the false floor 38. The first compartment 44 may further include one or more removable sections 45 (FIG. 5) defined by the false floor 38, which provide access to the batteries 22 for maintenance and repair. The un-deployed panels 36 and the electronic components are coupled to the container 12 above the false floor 38. The fuel 42 may be disposed in a second compartment 46 defined by the false floor 38 and the container floor 40 adjacent and opposite the first compartment 44. The generator 24 may be disposed adjacent both the first compartment 44 and the second compartment 46 on the container floor 40 with no false floor present and be isolated from the other electrical components of the container 12. Such an arrangement provides ballast to the container 12 to prevent tipping.

In an exemplary configuration, the deployed panels 34 operate as the power source 14 for the system 10 and are deployed at an angle with respect to the container 12 on one of the plurality of sidewalls 35 of the container 12. Such a configuration creates a large wind load when wind is blowing in the direction of the panels, as shown in FIG. 3. This also causes a tipping force in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 3. To counteract the tipping force, the batteries 22 are disposed within the first compartment 44, which is on the opposite side of the deployed panels 34. The weight of the batteries 22 counteracts the tipping forces of the deployed panels and the fuel 42 such that the container 12 is stable even in high wind conditions.

Referring now to FIG. 6, multiple devices 10 may deployed in a target area, for example, a disaster area, to provide power to various municipal buildings such as schools, hospitals, and fire departments, as well as commercial and residential establishments that require power. In the configuration shown in FIG. 6, four containers 12 a-12 d containing respective systems 10, which may be constructed in any of the embodiments disclosed herein, may be deployed at different locations while being in communication with each and every other container 12. The containers 12 a-12 d would be configured to form a mobile ad hoc communications network and transmit both voice and data through said system without the requirement of an external central communications system, as each container 12 a-12 d would have its own power source and independent communication system 26. Thus, container 12 a would be able to monitor conditions container 12 d and every other container 12. Similarly, a person at container 12 a would be able to talk to another person at container 12 d and every other container 12.

Referring now to FIGS. 7A and 7B which illustrate deployed panels 34A and 34B in a fully deployed configuration (FIG. 7A) and partially deployed configurations (FIG. 7B). In the configuration shown in FIG. 7A, panels 34A and 34B are aligned in a co-planar manner and deployed at angle with respect to container 12 as discussed above. Such a configuration may be used in variable weather conditions, for example, low wind conditions which may cause a small tipping force on the container. In one configuration, if wind speeds should increase beyond a predetermined threshold, for example, during a tropical storm, the container 12 may be configurable such that only panels 34A are fully deployed, whereas panels 34B are in a partially deployed state superjacent and parallel to a top surface of the container 12, as shown in FIG. 7B. In another configuration, panels 34A and 34B are deployed in a parallel manner but side-by-side to reduce wind load on the container 12, but still generating power. In yet another configuration panels 34A and 34B are brought parallel to the front and the top of the container respectively, in order to maximally reduce the wind load and still maintain some power production. For example, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, a hinge 48 is included between the panels which enables the user to transition the panels 34A and 34B between a fully deployed (FIG. 7A) and various partially deployed (FIG. 7B) configuration. The panels 34A and 34B may be transitionable manually by the user or automatically by a motorized mechanism triggerable by a remote or internal signal.

Referring now to FIGS. 8A and 8B which illustrate deployed panels 34A, 34B, 34C, and 34D in a fully deployed configuration (FIG. 8A) and partially deployed configurations (FIG. 8B). In the configuration shown in FIG. 8A, four panels 34 are aligned in a co-planar manner to maximize power generation, but also increase potential wind load on the container 12. Thus, the configuration shown in FIG. 8A may be typically deployed in low wind conditions, for example, after a severe weather event such as a hurricane. In the configuration shown in FIG. 8B, panels 34A and 34B are stacked on top of each other in a parallel configuration and panels 34C and 34D are similar stacked adjacent to panels 34A and 34B in a parallel configuration. Although shown in a symmetric deployment in FIG. 8B, it is contemplated that panels 34A-D may be deployed or partially deployed in any configuration.

It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the present embodiments are not limited to what has been particularly shown and described herein above. In addition, unless mention was made above to the contrary, it should be noted that all of the accompanying drawings are not to scale. A variety of modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A renewable-energy electrical generation and distribution system, comprising: a first container including: a first power source disposed within the first container and deployable from the first container, the first power source generating energy from a first renewable resource; a first compartment disposed within the first container, a first battery being retained within the first compartment and in communication with the first power source; a first power distribution system disposed within the first container and in communication with the first battery and with the first power source; and a first communications system disposed within the first container and configured to communicate data via an ad-hoc mobile communications network; and a second container including: a second power source disposed within the second container and deployable from the second container, the second power source generating energy from a second renewable resource; a second compartment disposed within the second container, a second battery being retained within the second compartment and in communication with the second power source; a second power distribution system disposed within the second container and in communication with the second battery and with the second power source; and a second communications system disposed within the second container and configured to communicate data via the ad-hoc mobile communications network, the ad-hoc mobile communications network being formed by the first container and the second container, the ad-hoc mobile communications network being configured to operate independent of any communication network not part of the first container and the second container forming the ad-hoc mobile communications network.
 2. The renewable-energy electrical generation and distribution system of claim 1, wherein the first power source of the first container includes a solar panel.
 3. The renewable-energy electrical generation and distribution system of claim 1, wherein: the first container further includes: a first smart switch; a first smart power interface in communication with the first smart switch, the first smart switch configured to selectively toggle power distribution to the first smart power interface; and the second container further includes: a second smart switch; and a second smart power interface in communication with the second smart switch, the second smart switch configured to selectively toggle power distribution to the second smart power interface.
 4. The renewable-energy electrical generation and distribution system of claim 3, further including: a sub-distribution system in communication with the first power distribution system of the first container, the sub-distribution system including a plurality of sub-distribution smart power interfaces, the sub-distribution system being electrically coupled to the first power distribution system by the first smart switch of the first container, the first smart switch being configured to: toggle power to one of the plurality of sub-distribution smart power interfaces based on one of: a measurement of available power in the first battery of the first container, a time of day, and an energy load on the renewable-energy electrical generation and distribution system.
 5. The renewable-energy electrical generation and distribution system of claim 3, wherein the first container is configured to: receive a request from a user for power access, the request being received from one of: a control panel in communication with the first container, and a mobile application in communication with the first container; and in response to the request, assign the first smart power interface to the user.
 6. The renewable-energy electrical generation and distribution system of claim 5, wherein the request is associated with a payment, and wherein the first smart switch provides a predetermined amount of power to the first smart power interface based on the request and on the payment.
 7. The renewable-energy electrical generation and distribution system of claim 5, wherein the first smart switch provides a predetermined amount of power to the first smart power interface, the predetermined amount being based on the request and further based on one of: a total available power of the renewable-energy electrical generation and distribution system; a number of users drawing power from the renewable-energy electrical generation and distribution system; and a time of day.
 8. The renewable-energy electrical generation and distribution system of claim 2, wherein the solar panel is configured to be deployed at an angle with respect to the first container on a first sidewall of the first container.
 9. The renewable-energy electrical generation and distribution system of claim 8, wherein, for the first container, the first battery is positioned proximate a bottom of the first container and on an opposite side of the first container from the first sidewall to ballast the first container.
 10. The renewable-energy electrical generation and distribution system of claim 3, wherein the first container includes: an environmental control unit disposed within the first container and in communication with an ambient environment external to the first container, the environmental control unit being configured to monitor and control a predetermined environmental condition within the first container.
 11. The renewable-energy electrical generation and distribution system of claim 3, further including: a sub-distribution system in communication with the first power distribution system of the first container, the sub-distribution system including a plurality of sub-distribution smart power interfaces, the sub-distribution system being electrically coupled to the first power distribution system by the first smart switch of the first container, the first smart switch being configured to: detect an unauthorized power siphoning; and in response to the detecting, turn off power to one of the plurality of sub-distribution smart power interfaces.
 12. The renewable-energy electrical generation and distribution system of claim 2, wherein the second power source of the second container includes a wind generator.
 13. The renewable-energy electrical generation and distribution system of claim 1, wherein the first battery includes a plurality of battery cells distributed within the first compartment such that a weight of the plurality of battery cells ballasts the first container.
 14. The renewable-energy electrical generation and distribution system of claim 4, wherein the sub-distribution system is external to the first container.
 15. The renewable-energy electrical generation and distribution system of claim 1, wherein the first container includes an internal power generator, the internal power generator generating energy from a fuel resource.
 16. The renewable-energy electrical generation and distribution system of claim 15, wherein the fuel resource is disposed in a fuel compartment of the first container, the fuel compartment being separate from the first compartment.
 17. The renewable-energy electrical generation and distribution system of claim 16, wherein the first container includes a third compartment separate from the first compartment and from the fuel compartment, the third compartment including a floor, the internal power generator being disposed on the floor of the third compartment.
 18. The renewable-energy electrical generation and distribution system of claim 1, wherein the first power distribution system and the second power distribution system is each configured to receive energy from an external power generator, the external power generator generating energy from a fuel resource.
 19. The renewable-energy electrical generation and distribution system of claim 3, wherein at least one smart power interface in communication with the first smart switch is disposed external to and remote from the first container.
 20. The renewable-energy electrical generation and distribution system of claim 10, wherein the first container includes a first power source controller disposed within the first container and in communication with the environmental control unit of the first container and with the first power distribution system of the first container, the first power source controller being configured to: monitor and control: energy absorption from the first power source, energy storage in the first battery, energy delivery to the first power distribution system, and a temperature within the first container; and prioritize power to one of the first power distribution system and the environmental control unit based on the predetermined environmental condition and the monitored temperature. 